カーボランダム, 炭化ケイ素とも呼ばれます (SiC), いくつかの理由により、さまざまな色を表示できる:

Crystal Structure Variations

Silicon carbide is a compound with many different crystalline forms, ポリタイプと呼ばれる, さまざまな色を表現できる. これらのポリタイプは、結晶格子内のシリコン原子と炭素原子の配置が異なります。, and these variations can affect the way the material interacts with light.

Impurities and Defects

The presence of impurities and defects within the silicon carbide can alter its color. 例えば, nitrogen and boron impurities can cause variations in color. Nitrogen can induce a yellow to green color, while boron can give rise to blue or black colors. Defects in the crystal structure, such as vacancies or interstitial atoms, can also affect the color by changing the band gap or creating localized energy states within the band gap, which in turn affect the way the material absorbs and emits light.

Thickness and Substrate Effects

Thin films of silicon carbide can exhibit different colors depending on their thickness and the substrate on which they are grown. This is due to interference effects, where light reflecting from the top surface of the film can interfere with light reflecting from the bottom surface or the interface between the SiC and the substrate. This can cause certain wavelengths of light to be reinforced or cancelled out, さまざまな色の出現につながります.

酸化

炭化ケイ素が高温で空気にさらされた場合, 表面に酸化層が形成される可能性がある, 薄膜の干渉効果により、異なる色が表示される場合もあります。.

産業用途において, 炭化ケイ素のグリットまたはパウダーの色は、緑色から黒色までさまざまです。, 材料の純度および製造に使用される正確なプロセスに応じて. 宝石の形で, モアサナイトなど (SiCの合成形態), the material can be nearly colorless or can be made to take on different colors through the introduction of various impurities.

The colorful display, especially notable in the ‘rainbow’ カーボランダム, is mainly due to the complex interaction of light with the various microstructures and impurities within the crystals.