当谈到能够承受高温和恶劣环境的材料时, 很少有能与耐火级碳化硼的性能相媲美的. This exceptional ceramic compound has carved out a crucial niche in industries where resistance to thermal, 化学品, and mechanical stresses is paramount.

What is Refractory Grade Boron Carbide?

碳化硼 (企业4C) is an incredibly hard and lightweight covalent ceramic material renowned for its refractory properties. 这 “refractory grade” 该名称是指一种高度纯化的形式，与标准工业级相比，在极端温度下表现出卓越的性能.

碳化硼独特的原子结构, 具有强共价键和高度交联的菱面体晶格, 赋予其卓越的热稳定性和硬度, 仅次于金刚石和立方氮化硼. 这使其成为耐久性和耐热性至关重要的应用的理想选择.

碳化硼在恶劣环境中的应用

耐火级碳化硼在突破材料科学极限的行业中得到广泛应用.

1. 航空航天和国防
   航空航天和国防部门严重依赖耐火级碳化硼，因为它能够承受火箭喷嘴中遇到的高温和磨损, 高超音速飞行器的前沿, 以及军用车辆和人员的装甲板.
2. 核工业
   这 核工业 受益于碳化硼卓越的中子吸收特性, 使其成为核反应堆的重要组成部分, 控制棒, and shielding materials.
3. Metallurgy and Foundry Operations
   In metallurgy and foundry operations, refractory grade boron carbide is used to line furnaces, 坩埚, 等高温设备, ensuring prolonged service life and resistance to molten metal corrosion.
4. 磨料和切削工具
   The extreme hardness of boron carbide makes it an excellent abrasive material for grinding, 研磨, 和抛光应用, as well as for manufacturing wear-resistant cutting tools and drill bits.

Remarkable Properties of Boron Carbide

The exceptional performance of refractory grade boron carbide can be attributed to its unique combination of properties:

高熔点 (2,450摄氏度 / 4,442华氏度)

Boron carbide has one of the highest melting points among non-oxide ceramics, allowing it to retain its structural integrity and mechanical properties at temperatures where most materials would fail.

高硬度 (9.3 – 9.8 在莫氏尺度上)

With a hardness surpassed only by diamond and cubic boron nitride, refractory grade boron carbide is incredibly resistant to abrasion, 穿, and erosion, even under extreme conditions.

低密度 (2.52 克/立方厘米)

Despite its exceptional hardness, boron carbide has a relatively low density, making it an attractive lightweight option for applications where weight is a critical factor, such as aerospace and defense.

高导热性

Boron carbide’s high thermal conductivity allows for efficient heat dissipation, making it suitable for applications involving intense thermal cycling or high heat flux.

化学惰性

Refractory grade boron carbide exhibits excellent chemical inertness, resisting attack from various molten metals, slags, and aggressive chemical environments.

中子吸收

Boron-10, a naturally occurring isotope of boron, has a high cross-section for absorbing thermal neutrons, making boron carbide an essential material in nuclear applications for control rods and shielding.

Boron Carbide for Magnesium-carbon Bricks

Boron carbide is used as an antioxidant additive in low carbon magnesium-carbon bricks and castables. In the iron and steel industry is used in the key parts of high temperature resistance and scouring resistance. Such as ladle, iron outlet (water outlet), slide plate, plug bar and so on. With the iron and steel industry energy saving and smelting of low carbon steel, ultra-low carbon steel needs, research and development of excellent performance of low carbon magnesium carbon bricks (carbon content is generally ﹤8 ﹪) is increasingly by the domestic and foreign industry’s attention.

现在, the performance of low carbon magnesium carbon bricks is generally improved by improving the combined carbon structure, optimizing the matrix structure of magnesium carbon bricks, increasing efficient antioxidants and other measures to improve the performance of low carbon magnesium carbon bricks, in which the use of industrial-grade B4C and part of the graphitized carbon black composite powder composed of graphitized carbon black, which is used as a carbon source and antioxidant for low carbon magnesium carbon bricks, and has achieved very good results. The low carbon magnesium carbon bricks with added B4C have good conventional physical properties, antioxidant and thermal shock stability.

特征

Boron carbide in carbon refractory materials in the role of antioxidant can make the product densification to prevent the oxidation of carbon in carbon refractory materials at the same time in the 1000 ℃~ 1250 ℃ reaction occurs, the generation of (9AL2O3-2B2O3) columnar crystals distributed in the refractory matrix and interstitial space, thus reducing the porosity, improve the strength at medium temperature, and the generation of crystals volume expansion, can heal the volume contraction, reduce cracks.

结论

Refractory-grade boron carbide is a highly durable, versatile, and effective material for applications in extreme environments. From industrial furnaces and nuclear reactors to abrasive tools and chemical processing plants, boron carbide provides essential advantages in terms of hardness, 热稳定性, 耐腐蚀性能, 和中子吸收.

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